|
The Orthodox Church in America (OCA) is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox church in North America. The OCA consists of more than 700 parishes, missions, communities, monasteries and institutions in the United States and Canada.〔 In 2011, it had an estimated 84,900 members in the United States. The OCA began when eight Russian Orthodox monks established a mission in Alaska, then part of Russian America, in 1794. This became a diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church after the United States purchased Alaska from Russia in 1867. By the late 19th century, the Russian Orthodox Church had grown in other areas of the United States due to the arrival of immigrants from areas of Europe and the Middle East. Many of these immigrants, regardless of nationality or ethnic background, were united under a single North American diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church. After the Bolshevik Revolution, Patriarch Tikhon of Moscow directed all Russian Orthodox churches outside of Russia to govern themselves autonomously.〔(Ukaz No. 362 )〕 Orthodox churches in America became a self-governing Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church in America in 1924 under the leadership of Metropolitan Platon (Rozhdestvensky). The Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church in America was granted autocephaly by the Russian Orthodox Church in 1970, and renamed the Orthodox Church in America. Its hierarchs are part of the Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of North and Central America. ==Official name== According to the April 1970 ''Tomos of Autocephaly'' granted by the Russian Orthodox Church, the official name of the Church is ''The Autocephalous Orthodox Church in America''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://oca.org/history-archives/tomos-of-autocephaly )〕 The more comprehensive March 1970 ''Agreement of Tomos of Autocephaly'', however, states in Article VIII that the legal name of the Church was changed to "Orthodox Church in America" (with no definite article).〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://oca.org/history-archives/autocephaly-agreement )〕 In 2005, Tikhon (Fitzgerald), then Bishop of the OCA Diocese of the West, commented that the official name of the jurisdiction is ''The Orthodox Church in America'' (TOCA), but the definite article was dropped due to a printing error.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://listserv.indiana.edu/cgi-bin/wa-iub.exe?A2=ind0504c&L=orthodox&F=&S=&P=4840 )〕 The former uses (''Orthodox Church in America'' and ''OCA'') remain the most common both within and outside the jurisdiction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Orthodox Church in America」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|